Abstract:

To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Bambar (Cordia spp.) against the microorganisms considered the main etiologic agents of some of the pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, Salmmonila, Pseudomonas flurscence, and Staphylococcus aureus). The chemical analysis and composition of Cordia fruit revealed that the fruits have a rich phytochemical component as glycosides, flavonoids, sterols, saponins, terpenoids, alkaloids, beside the nutritional values. Antibacterial activities data revealed that Cordia fruit possessed inhibition protective effects against pathogenic bacteria; E. coli, Salmmonila, Pseudomonas flurscence, and Staphylococcus aureus. Cordia fruits could be a source of natural antibacterial products as well as that for antibiotics resistance modulators. This provides a promising solution for the problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.

Keywords: Cordia spp; Antibacterial Activity; Phyto Chemical; Pathogenic Bacteria.

Abstract:

Production of Antibodies in a short time, in low cost and in big amount has been revealed a big challenge to fight a pandemic like covid-19 pandemic with their many variants. IgY (yellow immunoglobulin extracted from yellow bird eggs) have been reported by many authors like an alternative to mammalian IgG in passive immune treatment. Antibodies production inside bird eggs is very low cost and can be easily used in poor countries or in any poor laboratories. This new fast method consists of two mix the immune organs system of young birds with antigen following an incubation of those organs inside quail eggs and then obtained antibodies directly in the albumen eggs. This method can be an alternative to the other methods used to fight or reduce spread virus variants especially in poor countries.

Keywords: IgG; IgY; culture inside bird eggs; covid-19; nicotine; passive immunotherapy; ring method; antibodies; quail eggs; culture inside chicken eggs.

Abstract:

This paper aims to making different shaded brown finished leather by a single retanning agent in an ecofriendly approach, myself i.e., without the use of any brown dye either toxic or non-toxic and no free formaldehyde releases from the finished leather, so the properties of this retanning agent are claimed not only as an excellent synthetic tanning agent but a good replacement of any brown dye, simultaneously in an environment friendly tactic. It’s uses may give possible functions in leather industry as an environmentally friendly approach to leather tanning/dyeing, thereby eliminating the use of any brown dye, eliminating the conventional dyeing process, by the formation of different brown colored finished leather in leather processing, i.e., it showed the performance as a synthetic tanning agent and a brown dye at the same time. In other words, it claims to be an excellent alternative/replacement to the brown dye as its use in leather processing creates leathers in pleasant light to dark brown shades also a good synthetic tanning agent; for example, the leather produced after its application is the good quality brown color leather with the quality of fullness, softness, light fastness, grain tightness and with no dye. On carrying out chemical analysis of these leathers showed low impact or negligible formaldehyde. It can be used in nappa, sole and garment leather. When catechol is reacted with formaldehyde in the presence of conc. sulfuric acid, subsequently converted into a condensation product. We carried out its preparation and application on wet blue leather, resulting in the production of the different brown shaded leathers. In this manner, this process development of retanning agent resulted not only a good synthetic tanning agent but also an alternate for brown dye and a significant blockade of free formaldehyde, i.e., the leather showed the concentrations of formaldehyde varying from negligible values to safe limit values.

Keywords: Leather; Retanning Agent; Dye; Ecofriendly.

Abstract:

Despite widespread awareness of antimicrobial resistance, there remains a public impression of antibiotic efficacy and simple access to medications for self-limiting diseases. Financial incentives, a lack of diagnostic capacity, and fears about complications all influence how doctors prescribe.

Keywords: Antibiotics; Jordanian people; Misuse of Antibiotics.

Abstract:

Many of the early nuclear facilities were designed and constructed in the world. The design and construction of these stations did not consider many of the necessary standards, this could cause the emergence of many uncontrollable risks. Determining the location of the nuclear power plant is considered one of the most central criteria in the decision to establish nuclear power plants, as the selection of the location requires a comprehensive review of all the influences that may affect the nuclear plant. This paper will review the criteria for locating nuclear power plants and contemporary developments which can be considered in the appropriate decisions - making process to determine the appropriate sites for the construction of nuclear power plants. To achieve the objectives of this study, a review of the nuclear events that occurred from the use of nuclear weapons in 1945 AD to the Ukrainian crisis in 2022 will be conducted. Through these reviews, the most important criteria will be inferred and with an indication of the timeline for the emergence of these criteria and what new criteria can be added in the process of building and determining the location of the nuclear plants.

Keywords: Nuclear Power Plants; Nuclear Accidents; Ukrainian Crisis; Hierarchical Model.